See ʒep- on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Manchu",
"lang_code": "mnc",
"roman": "jembi",
"word": "ᠵᡝᠮᠪᡳ"
}
],
"lang": "Jurchen",
"lang_code": "juc",
"roman": "je-",
"word": "者"
}
],
"lang": "Jurchenic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Even",
"lang_code": "eve",
"roman": "ʒeʙdə̄j",
"word": "дебдэ̄й"
},
{
"lang": "Evenki",
"lang_code": "evn",
"roman": "ʒewmī",
"word": "девмӣ"
},
{
"lang": "Negidal",
"lang_code": "neg",
"roman": "ʒep-",
"word": "ӡеп"
},
{
"lang": "Oroqen",
"lang_code": "orh",
"word": "dʒəb-"
},
{
"lang": "Solon",
"lang_code": "tuw-sol",
"word": "ʒeg-"
},
{
"lang": "Solon",
"lang_code": "tuw-sol",
"word": "ʒeb-"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Tungusic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Oroch",
"lang_code": "oac",
"roman": "ʒep-",
"word": "деп-"
},
{
"lang": "Udihe",
"lang_code": "ude",
"roman": "ʒeu-",
"word": "ӡэу-"
}
],
"lang": "Central",
"lang_code": "ckb"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Nanai",
"lang_code": "gld",
"roman": "ʒepuwuri",
"word": "депувури"
},
{
"lang": "Orok",
"lang_code": "oaa",
"roman": "dəppuvuri",
"word": "дэппувури"
},
{
"lang": "Orok",
"lang_code": "oaa",
"roman": "dəptuvuri",
"word": "дэптувури"
},
{
"lang": "Ulch",
"lang_code": "ulc",
"roman": "ʒepuwu",
"word": "депуву"
}
],
"lang": "South-Eastern",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Tungusic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Tungusic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ʒe-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/ʒe-"
],
[
"*-p",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/-p"
],
[
"*-p",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/-p"
],
[
"*ʒalu-p-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/ʒalup-"
],
[
"*sulā-p-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/sulāp-"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*ʒe-",
"3": "*p"
},
"expansion": "*ʒe- + *-p",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Either a simplex or a derivative.\nIf it is indeed a derivation, then it could be analyzable as *ʒe- + *-p. Even though the suffix *-p is used as reflexive suffix in Tungusic languages, such in *ʒalu-p- (“to feel”) and *sulā-p- (“to stay behind”), the function on this verb is unknown since if it had been used then it whould have made this verb intransitive. Or less likely a semantic shift \"to get eaten\" > \"to eat\" could also happen.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*ʒep-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "transitive"
},
"expansion": "(transitive)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Tungusic",
"lang_code": "tuw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/ʒep-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Tungusic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Tungusic terms suffixed with *-p",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ʒepke-"
},
{
"word": "ʒepkin"
},
{
"word": "ʒepkiʒe-"
},
{
"english": "to want to eat",
"tags": [
"desiderative"
],
"translation": "to want to eat",
"word": "ʒepmüsi-"
},
{
"word": "ʒeptere"
},
{
"tags": [
"aorist"
],
"word": "ʒepte"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to eat"
],
"id": "en-ʒep--tuw-pro-verb-Unr3wQmn",
"links": [
[
"eat",
"eat"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"word": "ʒep-"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "ʒepke-"
},
{
"word": "ʒepkin"
},
{
"word": "ʒepkiʒe-"
},
{
"english": "to want to eat",
"tags": [
"desiderative"
],
"translation": "to want to eat",
"word": "ʒepmüsi-"
},
{
"word": "ʒeptere"
},
{
"tags": [
"aorist"
],
"word": "ʒepte"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Manchu",
"lang_code": "mnc",
"roman": "jembi",
"word": "ᠵᡝᠮᠪᡳ"
}
],
"lang": "Jurchen",
"lang_code": "juc",
"roman": "je-",
"word": "者"
}
],
"lang": "Jurchenic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Even",
"lang_code": "eve",
"roman": "ʒeʙdə̄j",
"word": "дебдэ̄й"
},
{
"lang": "Evenki",
"lang_code": "evn",
"roman": "ʒewmī",
"word": "девмӣ"
},
{
"lang": "Negidal",
"lang_code": "neg",
"roman": "ʒep-",
"word": "ӡеп"
},
{
"lang": "Oroqen",
"lang_code": "orh",
"word": "dʒəb-"
},
{
"lang": "Solon",
"lang_code": "tuw-sol",
"word": "ʒeg-"
},
{
"lang": "Solon",
"lang_code": "tuw-sol",
"word": "ʒeb-"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Tungusic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Oroch",
"lang_code": "oac",
"roman": "ʒep-",
"word": "деп-"
},
{
"lang": "Udihe",
"lang_code": "ude",
"roman": "ʒeu-",
"word": "ӡэу-"
}
],
"lang": "Central",
"lang_code": "ckb"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Nanai",
"lang_code": "gld",
"roman": "ʒepuwuri",
"word": "депувури"
},
{
"lang": "Orok",
"lang_code": "oaa",
"roman": "dəppuvuri",
"word": "дэппувури"
},
{
"lang": "Orok",
"lang_code": "oaa",
"roman": "dəptuvuri",
"word": "дэптувури"
},
{
"lang": "Ulch",
"lang_code": "ulc",
"roman": "ʒepuwu",
"word": "депуву"
}
],
"lang": "South-Eastern",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Tungusic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Tungusic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ʒe-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/ʒe-"
],
[
"*-p",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/-p"
],
[
"*-p",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/-p"
],
[
"*ʒalu-p-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/ʒalup-"
],
[
"*sulā-p-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/sulāp-"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*ʒe-",
"3": "*p"
},
"expansion": "*ʒe- + *-p",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Either a simplex or a derivative.\nIf it is indeed a derivation, then it could be analyzable as *ʒe- + *-p. Even though the suffix *-p is used as reflexive suffix in Tungusic languages, such in *ʒalu-p- (“to feel”) and *sulā-p- (“to stay behind”), the function on this verb is unknown since if it had been used then it whould have made this verb intransitive. Or less likely a semantic shift \"to get eaten\" > \"to eat\" could also happen.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*ʒep-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "transitive"
},
"expansion": "(transitive)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Tungusic",
"lang_code": "tuw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/ʒep-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Tungusic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Tungusic lemmas",
"Proto-Tungusic terms suffixed with *-p",
"Proto-Tungusic terms with unknown etymologies",
"Proto-Tungusic transitive verbs",
"Proto-Tungusic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to eat"
],
"links": [
[
"eat",
"eat"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"word": "ʒep-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ʒep- meaning in All languages combined (3.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.